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Felix Christian Klein was born in Düsseldorf, to Prussian parents. He attended the Gymnasium in Düsseldorf, then studied mathematics and physics at the University of Bonn, 1865-1866. Klein received his doctorate, supervised by Julius Plücker, from the University of Bonn in 1868.

After he spent some years in Erlangen, 5 years at Munich's Technische Hochschule and some very tumultuous years in Leipzig (his health collapsed and he was pagued by depressions), Klein accepted a chair at the University of Göttingen in 1886. From then until his 1913 retirement, he sought to re-establish Göttingen as the world's leading mathematics research center. Yet he never managed to transfer from Leipzig to Göttingen his own role as the leader of a school of geometry. At Göttingen, he taught a variety of courses, mainly on the interface between mathematics and physics, such as mechanics and potential theory.

Around 1900, Klein began to take an interest in mathematical instruction in schools. In 1905, he played a decisive role in formulating a plan recommending that the rudiments of differential and integral calculus and the function concept be taught in secondary schools. This recommendation was gradually implemented in many countries around the world. In 1908, Klein was elected chairman of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction at the Rome International Mathematical Congress. Under his guidance, the German branch of the Commission published many volumes on the teaching of mathematics at all levels in Germany.

The London Mathematical Society awarded Klein its De Morgan Medal in 1893. He was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1885, and was awarded its Copley medal in 1912. He retired the following year due to ill health, but continued to teach mathematics at his home for some years more.

Klein died in Göttingen in 1925.



Quelle: wikipedia.org


Quelle: wikipedia.org
Urheber: Kassandro